Based on the Macmillan Dictionary and the Longman Dictionary, 'doughnut' was the generally more common variant whereas 'donut' was mainly used in American English. Here are the lexical entries.
Macmillan:
definition of
donut
noun [countable] mainly Americana doughnut(main entry)
Longman:
do‧nut
especially American English
x-ref another spelling of doughnut
Most other dictionaries also agree that 'doughnut' was the more commonly used variant, for that was the main entry, with 'donut' listed as the variant.
Oxford English dictionary
Also donut.
1. A small spongy cake made of dough (usually sweetened and spiced), and fried or boiled in lard. Freq. made in the shape of a thick ring.
Merriam-Webster:Most other dictionaries also agree that 'doughnut' was the more commonly used variant, for that was the main entry, with 'donut' listed as the variant.
Oxford English dictionary
1. A small spongy cake made of dough (usually sweetened and spiced), and fried or boiled in lard. Freq. made in the shape of a thick ring.
Main Entry: dough·nut
Variant(s): also do·nut \-(ˌ)nət\
Function: noun
Date: circa 1809
1 : a small usually ring-shaped cake fried in fat
2 : something (as a mathematical torus) that resembles a doughnut especially in shape
— dough·nut·like \-ˌlīk\ adjective
Encarta Dictonary:
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